Communication Strategies to Support SEN Learners in the Classroom

This article has been written by Fatimah Bint-Hanif, a Speech & Language Therapist from our Group.

Use clear and simple language

Speak in short, straightforward sentences, using direct and precise language. We would suggest avoiding idioms, abstract concepts, or overly literal expressions. Unusual phrases and language can cause confusion for our neurodivergent learners. As an example, refrain from using phrases such as "it's raining cats and dogs", this could be perceived literally.

Check in to see if your pupil understands

Instead of asking, “do you understand?”, encourage learners to show that they have understood the task or instruction, by either repeating back what you've said, demonstrating a task, or summarising it in their own way.

Provide sufficient processing time

After providing an instruction, use a sufficient pause, (this can sometimes be as long as up to 10 seconds for neurodivergent children with processing needs). Pausing or asking questions gives our pupils the time they need to process, understand fully, and respond accordingly. Avoid repeating the question or instruction too quickly as this can create additional pressure. 

Use visual supports

 Support understanding through tools such as visual timetables, symbols, or pictures to make concepts clearer and more accessible. The more visual support we can offer to our pupils, the better we can support their needs and their learning.

Adapt your style based on sensory preferences

Make the classroom environment as sensory-friendly as possible by minimising distractions such as loud or irritating noises (think your wall clock, extractor fans, keyboard typing), harsh bright lights, or overstimulating, busy board displays. Offer your pupils sensory tools or create opportunities for time away from their class or desk to encourage movement breaks.

Support transitions with clear visuals

Prepare your pupils for any type of transition, whether it be from a lesson to lunch, or from school to home, by using tools such as 'Now/Next' or 'Now/Next/Then' visuals. These visual aids can help support understanding in different environments.

Use positive framing

Phrase instructions and feedback positively to focus on what learners can do rather than what they shouldn’t do. For example, say, instead 'don't touch that', try using 'let's keep our hands by our sides'. By doing so, your pupils will less likely perceive the instruction as a demand.

Break down complex tasks

Simplify multi-step tasks by breaking them into smaller, manageable chunks. Provide instructions one step at a time and support with visuals or written prompts where possible. Celebrate success at each step to keep motivation high.

Co-create behavioural expectations

Work collaboratively with your SEN pupils to establish classroom rules so that everyone is on board and understands what is expected. This approach encourages shared ownership, respects individual needs, and creates a sense of safety, collaboration and fairness for all learners.

Celebrate their strengths to increase confidence

To empower your neurodiverse pupils, focus on their unique strengths and talents. Highlight their contributions to the class and their unique achievements, to increase confidence and create a positive classroom culture. Use specific and meaningful praise and be sure to keep a log of their progress.

Conclusion

Adapting communication to meet the needs of SEN learners isn’t just about making classrooms inclusive - it’s about empowering students to thrive. By implementing these strategies, educators can create an environment where every child feels supported, understood, and capable of reaching their full potential. Remember, small adjustments in communication and teaching approaches can lead to big differences in learning outcomes and overall well-being. Together, we can create classrooms that celebrate diversity and champion success for all.

Sensory Support Strategies In The Classroom

For more information on sensory support strategies in the classroom, watch our recorded webinar, delivered in partnership with The ADHD Foundation Neurodiversity Charity, exploring an overview of sensory differences, and how to support the differing needs in your school.